CHARACTERISTICS OF QUATERNARY AMMONIUM RESISTANT BACTERIA FROM A FINE PAPERMACHINE SYSTEM

To evaluate the biocide effect of quaternary ammonium chloride (QAC), a whitewater sample was taken from a fine papermachine headbox. By plate spreading method, 51 strains of facultative anaerobe were isolated morphologically. Then the strains were separately transferred to basal medium and were incubated before the beginning of log phase. To identify strains with different QAC resistance, 30-120 ppm of N-Alkyl-benzyl-dimethyl ammonium chloride were added to basal medium.Biocide effect was investigated by comparison of bacterial growth, which can be monitored by 600 nm light absorbance of basal medium suspension. Among 51 strains, only 2 strains can Survive for QAC concentration up to 120 ppm. API20E aud 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique were applied to identify two strains with highest (120 ppm)QAC resistance. One strain (HB22)was identified as Morganella morganii. HB22 can resist QAC concentration up to 150 ppm. HB22 is Gram-negative rod, motile with flagella, catalase positive, oxidase negative, Indole positive, H2S production negative, facultative anaerobe. HB22 has optimum growth condition of 35℃ and pH 7.0.HB22 can catabolize only glucose and D (+)-Mannose.The other (HB45) was identified with high similarity among Pseudomonas cf. monteili or Pseudomonas mosselii or Pseudomonas putida. HB45 can resist QAC concentration up to 200 ppm.HB45 is Gram-negative rod, motile with flagella,catalase positive, oxidase negative, Indole negative,H2S production negative, aerobe. HB45 has optimum growth condition of 30℃ and pH 7.4. HB45 can catabolize L-Arabinose, L(+)-Rhanmose, D (+)-Mannose, Glucose, Glycerol, Lactose, Maltose,Raffmose, Xylose, Cellulose and Xylan. The implication of this work to paper industry is also discussed.     

咪唑季铵盐棉纤维制备及其对DOSO_3~-吸附性能研究

本文用20%的NaOH溶液对棉纤维的预处理、醚化、接枝合成工艺进行了优化;在不同条件下,研究了咪唑季铵盐棉纤维对DOSO~-_3的吸附性能.结果表明,用NaOH预处理棉纤维后,在适当的条件下醚化棉纤维素,再用氢氧化钠作催化剂,按3 g环氧基纤维素醚与10 mL甲基咪唑配比接枝,得到白色味唑季铵盐纤维素.用咪唑季铵盐棉纤维对DOSO~-_3进行吸附,吸附率可达91.8%,吸附效果令人满意.     

胍基化壳聚糖季铵盐的制备及其抗菌性能

以三聚氯氰(TCT)为中间桥梁,将聚六亚甲基双胍(PHMB)接枝到N-(2-羟丙基-3-甲基氯化铵)壳聚糖(HTCC)上,制备胍基壳聚糖季铵盐(HCP).研究制备HCP的最佳反应条件,采用元素分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)对产物的结构进行表征,并测试其抗菌性能.得到HCP的最佳反应条件为HTCC和TCT的摩尔比1.0∶2.5,HTCC和PHMB的质量比1.0∶1.2,缚酸剂为三乙胺,TCT一取代的反应时间8 h,二取代的反应时间14 h,反应温度40℃.结果表明：制得的HCP对大肠杆菌(E.coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)的最低抑菌质量浓度分别为0.020,0.005 mg·mL^-1;质量浓度为1.0 mg·mL^-1的HCP对E.coli和S.aureus的抑菌率分别为89.8%和100.0%,高于相同质量浓度下HTCC对E.coli和S.aureus的抑菌率18.2%和18.7%.     

四元体系Na2B4O7—Na2CO3—NaCl—H2O在0℃时的等温溶度研究

第一次用等温方法测定了含硼酸盐的三元边界体系Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７－ＮａＣｌ－Ｈ２Ｏ和四元体系Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７－Ｎａ２ＣＯ３－ＮａＣｌ－Ｈ２Ｏ在０℃时的溶度。结果发现它们都是低共饱型体系。在三元体系中共饱点组成为ＮａＣｌ２６．１９％,Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７０．３６％（质量）;四元体系中共饱点组成为ＮａＣｌ２３．５５％,Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７０．６２％,Ｎａ２ＣＯ３４．０７％（质量）,并且绘出了四元体系中的溶度图和等水线。     

一种新型糖基表面活性剂的合成及其性质

以葡甲胺和正烷基(C12，C14，C16，C18)溴为原料在无水乙醇中反应生成叔胺中间体，葡甲胺：正烷基溴(物质的量之比)=1．008：1，温度78℃，反应时间5h；季铵化反应，叔胺：正烷基溴(物质的量之比)=1：1，100℃下反应3h后，再于130℃下反应2h，对产物结构用红外光谱和电喷雾质谱进行了表征，同时测定了合成产物的季铵盐含量、表面张力和临界胶束浓度等，讨论了结构和性能的关系。     

手性相转移催化不对称烃基化反应

该文介绍了目前普遍使用的手性季胺盐、手性冠醚等手性相转移催化剂及聚合物支载的手性相转移催化剂，综述了近几年国内外手性相转移催化不对称烃基化反应的最新进展，并介绍了催化剂、温度、溶剂、浓度和磁场等因素对该类烃基化反应的化学产率、光学产率的影响．     

Rapid dendrite growth in quaternary Ni-based alloys

Dendritic growth is one of the most common micro-structural formation mechanisms during crystal growth. Its morphology provides the kinetics information of crystal growth. Therefore, it is valuable to perform the research on rapid dendrite growth in order…     

酯交换季铵型阳离子大豆油表面活性剂的合成及物化性能研究

以大豆油为基本原料,经过酯交换、环氧化、季铵化一系列反应合成酯交换季铵型阳离子表面活性剂,研究它的物化性能,并与季铵型阳离子大豆油表面活性剂和广泛使用的CTAB进行对比,结果表明:经过酯交换合成的季铵型阳离子表面活性剂能较显著地降低水的表面张力,具有更低的临界胶束浓度.     

季铵碱水溶液中微波辅助制备纳米ZnO

以四丁基氢氧化铵、四乙基氢氧化铵和四甲基氢氧化铵等季铵碱水溶液为反应体系,Zn(Ac2)和NaOH为原料,微波辅助制备了球状、圆片状、细长薄片状及多脚状等纳米ZnO;对样品进行了XRD和SEM表征,分析了微波辅助下纳米ZnO的可能生长过程.结果表明:季铵阳离子能有效屏蔽晶核;季铵碱浓度越高,OH-浓度越高,或者前驱体Zn(OH)42-浓度越低,则样品粒径越小且越趋于球状.